Volume 3 ; Issue 1 ; in Month : Jan-June (2020) Article No : 124
Phiri M, Mufwambi W, Mudenda S, et al.

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli cause a multitude of mild to serious infections in humans. Microorganisms such as Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli have either developed resistance against the current treatments, or the current treatments cause unacceptable side effects. It is therefore imperative that research into new potential treatments is prioritized. Plants have shown to be a promising source of antibacterial agents. This study, therefore, aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Tamarindus indica against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. This was an in-vitro laboratory-based experimental study. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were cultured in the laboratory. Different concentrations of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Tamarindus indica were tested for antibacterial activity using the disc diffusion method. The sensitivity of the tested microorganisms to aqueous and ethanolic plant extracts was shown by zones of inhibition after incubation. The aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Tamarindus indica exhibited activity against S. aureus and E. coli in a dose-dependent manner. The minimum inhibitory concentration was found to be 0.5 mg/ml against both micro-organisms. E. coli was more susceptible to both T. indica extracts with the 100 mg/ml dose giving a zone of inhibition of 14.8 mm ± 0.3 with the aqueous extract, and 13.5 mm ± 0.5 with the ethanolic extract. Testing of 100 mg/ml aqueous and ethanolic T. indica extracts against S. aureus resulted in maximum zones of inhibition of 8.5 mm ± 0.5. Tamarindus indica possesses dose-dependent antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.

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