Volume 5 ; Issue 2 ; in Month : Jul-Dec (2022) Article No : 142
Mousumi Kumar

Abstract

Introduction: Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS CoV-2). It emerged in Wuhan and then it had a global spread. Objective: i. To study the viral load (cycle threshold value) of COVID 19 patients with the clinical severity of the disease. ii. To assess various clinical and biochemical parameters in COVID 19 patients according to their clinical severity. iii. To correlate the association of Ct value of COVID 19 patients with their clinical and biochemical parameters in accordance to their clinical severity. Aim: To study the correlation of viral load with clinical and biochemical parameters of COVID-19 patients. Material and Methods: Our study was a cross-sectional, retrospective single center study, where 200 COVID-19 admitted patients were divided into three groups in accordance with their cycle threshold (Ct)values collected from reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Those groups were 1 (9-20), group 2 (21-30) and group 3 (31-36). The correlation of COVID-19 Ct value with biochemical parameters and clinical presentation (taken as mild, moderate and severe) was done and analyzed. The chi-square test was used for the correlation and calculated by using SPSS V-26.0 (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY). P value<0.05 was considered significant statistically. One way analysis of variance (Anova) was used as statistical test of significance to compare each biochemical parameter with different Ct value-based groups. Results: Clinical groups (mild, moderate and severe) correlated with different Ct values in all the three groups (p value<0.05). All the biochemical parameters like albumin, bilirubin, C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), D-dimer, procalcitonin (PCT), total leucocyte count (TLC) was analyzed and showed a significant p value (<0.05) in all the three groups. However, alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) did not show any statistically significant association in the groups studied. Conclusion: The severity of the disease was statistically significant (p<0.05) in the Ct value groups. Biochemical parameters like albumin, bilirubin, CRP, D-dimer, PCT and TLC were also statistically significant. All these parameters can be used as a prognostic indicator to monitor disease progression in COVID-19 patients.

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